Carbohydrate-electrolyte Drink Ingestion and Skill Performance in Tennis

............................................................................................. 5 Chapter 1: Introduction............................................................................ 7 Chapter 2: Review of Literature................................................................ 10 2.1 The physiological demands of tennis..............................................11 2.2 Metabolite responses to exercise ..................................................20 2.3 Heart rate response to exercise and intensity........................................23 2.4 Accelerometry........................................................................26 2.5 Fluid balance..........................................................................28 2.6 Carbohydrate ingestion..............................................................34 2.7 Measures of arousal and affect......................................................45 2.8 Measures of skill and performance.................................................47 2.9 Match analysis in tennis.............................................................50 Chapter 3: Methodology...........................................................................55 3.1 Pre-screening.........................................................................58 3.2 Familiarisation........................................................................59 3.3 Main trial protocol and data collection............................................59 Chapter 4: Results.................................................................................66 4.1 Physiological and psychological results..........................................68 4.1.1 Blood glucose and lactate......................................................68 4.1.2 Body mass........................................................................69 4.1.3 Urine volume and osmolality..................................................70 4.1.4 Psychological measures ........................................................71 4.2 Skill test results.......................................................................72 4.2.1 Skill test total score, groundstroke total score and service total score...72 4.2.2 Skill test groundstroke score and service score by zone...................73 4.2.3 Speed of serve during the skill tests..........................................73 4.2.4 Heart rate values recorded during the skill tests.............................74 4.3 Match analysis results...............................................................75 4.3.1 Serve success.....................................................................75 4.3.2 Return success...................................................................78 4.3.3 Rallies.............................................................................80